Holoprosencephaly

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a complex brain malformation resulting from incomplete cleavage of the prosencephalon, occurring between the 18th and 28th day of gestation, and affecting both the forebrain and face, which results in neurological manifestations and facial anomalies of variable severity.



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Narrow down the case reports



Total: 400 (papers)

  


(per page)
Matched Phenotype  Gene  Mutation  MeSH
Rank
(Similarity)
PMID
(PMCID)
1
(69.1%)
19856868
Pfeiffer-like syndrome with holoprosencephaly: a newborn with maternal smoking and alcohol exposure.
Su PH, Chen JY, Lee IC, Ng YY, Hu JM, Chen SJ.
Pediatr Neonatol. 2009;50(5):234-8.
Microcephaly Smooth philtrum Broad thumb Short palpebral fissure
Acrocephalosyndactylia Females Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Smoking
2
(63.5%)
12210326
Mosaic trisomy 9 and lobar holoprosencephaly.
Gerard-Blanluet M, Danan C, Sinico M, Lelong F, Borghi E, Dassieu G, Janaud JC, Odent S, Encha-Razavi F.
Am J Med Genet. 2002;111(3):295-300.
Micrognathia Flat face Short palpebral fissure
Brain Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 Females Hedgehog Proteins Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Male Membrane Proteins Mosaicism Patched Receptors Receptors, Cell Surface Trans-Activators Trisomy
3
(60.5%)
24783655
A new case of holoprosencephaly-polydactyly syndrome with alobar holoprosencephaly, preaxial polydactyly and congenital glaucoma.
Sandal G, Tok L, Ormeci AR.
Genet Couns. 2014;25(1):49-52.
High palate Micrognathia
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 Congenital Hand Deformities Females Fetal Macrosomia Gestational Age Glaucoma Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Polydactyly Preterm Infant Trisomy
3
(60.5%)
11152148
Situs inversus totalis and congenital hypoglossia.
Amor DJ, Craig JE.
Clin Dysmorphol. 2001;10(1):47-50.
Micrognathia Aglossia
Females Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Infant Mandible Situs Inversus Syndrome Tongue
5
(59.8%)
2240028
Lambotte syndrome: microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, intrauterine growth retardation, facial anomalies, and early lethality--a new sublethal multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome in four sibs.
Verloes A, Dodinval P, Beco L, Bonnivert J, Lambotte C.
Am J Med Genet. 1990;37(1):119-23.
Narrow mouth Retrognathia Telecanthus Preaxial polydactyly
Child, Preschool Face Females Fetal Growth Retardation Genes, Lethal Genes, Recessive Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Infant Infant, Newborn Intellectual Disability Male Microcephaly Syndrome
6
(59.0%)
25698887
(4324465)
Cyclopia: a rare condition with unusual presentation - a case report.
Salama GS, Kaabneh MA, Al-Raqad MK, Al-Abdallah IM, Shakkoury AG, Halaseh RA.
Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2015;9:19-23.
Micrognathia Proboscis
7
(57.8%)
29278735
Expanding the FANCO/RAD51C associated phenotype: Cleft lip and palate and lobar holoprosencephaly, two rare findings in Fanconi anemia.
Jacquinet A, Brown L, Sawkins J, Liu P, Pugash D, Van Allen MI, Patel MS.
Eur J Med Genet. 2018;61(5):257-261.
Microcephaly Overlapping fingers
RAD51C
c|SUB|G|571+5|A;RS#:145779113 c|SUB|G|935|A;RS#:779834376
Chromosome Breakage Cleft Palate Cultured Cells DNA-Binding Proteins Fanconi Anemia Females Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Homozygote Infant Mutation Phenotype
8
(57.8%)
24605928
Atypical expanded-spectrum hemifacial microsomia: a case report.
Magge KT, Kim J, Rogers GF, Oh AK.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2015;52(2):240-5.
Micrognathia
Females Goldenhar Syndrome Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn
8
(57.8%)
16506269
Prenatal findings and molecular cytogenetic analyses of partial trisomy 12q (12q24.32-->qter) and partial monosomy 21q (21q22.2-->qter).
Chen CP, Chern SR, Lin CC, Wang TH, Li YC, Hsieh LJ, Lee CC, Hua HM, Wang W.
Prenat Diagn. 2006;26(4):313-20.
Microcephaly Micrognathia
Adult Chromosome Deletion Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 Cytogenetic Analysis Females Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization Gene Deletion Homo sapiens Pregnancy Trisomy
8
(57.8%)
12975789
Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18p and distal 21q22.3 deletion.
Chen CP, Chern SR, Lee CC, Chen LF, Chin DT, Tzen CY, Wang W.
Prenat Diagn. 2003;23(9):758-61.
Micrognathia
Adult Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 Differential Diagnosis Females Genetic Counseling Holoprosencephaly Homo sapiens Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimester, Second Trisomy
        

Phenotype(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 93

HPO ID Term Frequency
HP:0000161 Median cleft lip Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001360 Holoprosencephaly Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001999 Abnormal facial shape Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0006315 Single median maxillary incisor Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0008501 Median cleft lip and palate Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0012639 Abnormality of nervous system morphology Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0100336 Bilateral cleft lip Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000252 Microcephaly Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000453 Choanal atresia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000457 Depressed nasal ridge Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000458 Anosmia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000528 Anophthalmia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000568 Microphthalmia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000601 Hypotelorism Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000612 Iris coloboma Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000819 Diabetes mellitus Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001250 Seizures Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001252 Muscular hypotonia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001257 Spasticity Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001263 Global developmental delay Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001324 Muscle weakness Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001332 Dystonia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001943 Hypoglycemia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0002020 Gastroesophageal reflux Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0004409 Hyposmia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0007370 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0009804 Reduced number of teeth Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0009914 Cyclopia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0100543 Cognitive impairment Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000028 Cryptorchidism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000079 Abnormality of the urinary system Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000093 Proteinuria Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000238 Hydrocephalus Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000256 Macrocephaly Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000286 Epicanthus Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000289 Broad philtrum Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000316 Hypertelorism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000400 Macrotia Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000437 Depressed nasal tip Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000463 Anteverted nares Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000470 Short neck Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000488 Retinopathy Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000490 Deeply set eye Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000508 Ptosis Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000567 Chorioretinal coloboma Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000574 Thick eyebrow Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000581 Blepharophimosis Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000582 Upslanted palpebral fissure Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000648 Optic atrophy Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000664 Synophrys Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000776 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000830 Anterior hypopituitarism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000871 Panhypopituitarism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000873 Diabetes insipidus Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000929 Abnormal skull morphology Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001156 Brachydactyly Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001161 Hand polydactyly Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001305 Dandy-Walker malformation Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001531 Failure to thrive in infancy Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001539 Omphalocele Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001629 Ventricular septal defect Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001636 Tetralogy of Fallot Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001641 Abnormal pulmonary valve morphology Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001679 Abnormal aortic morphology Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001743 Abnormality of the spleen Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001883 Talipes Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002002 Deep philtrum Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002007 Frontal bossing Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002019 Constipation Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002072 Chorea Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002084 Encephalocele Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002093 Respiratory insufficiency Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002269 Abnormality of neuronal migration Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002553 Highly arched eyebrow Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002650 Scoliosis Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002902 Hyponatremia Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0003312 Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0005469 Flat occiput Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0005692 Joint hyperflexibility Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0006703 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the lungs Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0007360 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0008572 External ear malformation Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0008736 Hypoplasia of penis Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0008872 Feeding difficulties in infancy Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0009738 Abnormality of the antihelix Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0009794 Branchial anomaly Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0009924 Aplasia/Hypoplasia involving the nose Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0010301 Spinal dysraphism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0010302 Spinal cord tumor Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0010669 Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0011100 Intestinal atresia Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0011675 Arrhythmia Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0100596 Absent nares Occasional (29-5%)


Phenotype(s) retrieved from case reports

    Total: 129

HPO ID Term # of case reports
HP:0009914 Cyclopia 25
HP:0000252 Microcephaly 20
HP:0000238 Hydrocephalus 17
HP:0000601 Hypotelorism 15
HP:0010442 Polydactyly 14
HP:0002084 Encephalocele 12
HP:0000568 Microphthalmia 10
HP:0100259 Postaxial polydactyly 9
HP:0000316 Hypertelorism 8
HP:0002323 Anencephaly 8
HP:0000873 Diabetes insipidus 7
HP:0012806 Proboscis 7
HP:0000161 Median cleft lip 6
HP:0000528 Anophthalmia 6
HP:0003228 Hypernatremia 6
HP:0410030 Cleft lip 6
HP:0001511 Intrauterine growth retardation 5
HP:0001249 Intellectual disability 4
HP:0001274 Agenesis of corpus callosum 4
HP:0001305 Dandy-Walker malformation 4
HP:0025011 Pyriform aperture stenosis 4
HP:0000256 Macrocephaly 3
HP:0000347 Micrognathia 3
HP:0000589 Coloboma 3
HP:0001321 Cerebellar hypoplasia 3
HP:0007268 Aprosencephaly 3
HP:0030779 Ethmocephaly 3
HP:0100663 Synotia 3
HP:0000054 Micropenis 2
HP:0000609 Optic nerve hypoplasia 2
HP:0000819 Diabetes mellitus 2
HP:0001159 Syndactyly 2
HP:0001250 Seizures 2
HP:0002119 Ventriculomegaly 2
HP:0002139 Arrhinencephaly 2
HP:0002414 Spina bifida 2
HP:0002444 Hypothalamic hamartoma 2
HP:0002650 Scoliosis 2
HP:0005280 Depressed nasal bridge 2
HP:0007973 Retinal dysplasia 2
HP:0010880 Increased nuchal translucency 2
HP:0012730 Aglossia 2
HP:0030853 Heterotaxy 2
HP:0032327 Interhemispheric cyst 2
HP:0100336 Bilateral cleft lip 2
HP:0100790 Hernia 2
HP:0000028 Cryptorchidism 1
HP:0000047 Hypospadias 1
HP:0000062 Ambiguous genitalia 1
HP:0000079 Abnormality of the urinary system 1
HP:0000126 Hydronephrosis 1
HP:0000131 Uterine leiomyoma 1
HP:0000218 High palate 1
HP:0000260 Wide anterior fontanel 1
HP:0000278 Retrognathia 1
HP:0000324 Facial asymmetry 1
HP:0000340 Sloping forehead 1
HP:0000358 Posteriorly rotated ears 1
HP:0000369 Low-set ears 1
HP:0000476 Cystic hygroma 1
HP:0000482 Microcornea 1
HP:0000527 Long eyelashes 1
HP:0000581 Blepharophimosis 1
HP:0000824 Growth hormone deficiency 1
HP:0000961 Cyanosis 1
HP:0001182 Tapered finger 1
HP:0001257 Spasticity 1
HP:0001263 Global developmental delay 1
HP:0001264 Spastic diplegia 1
HP:0001320 Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia 1
HP:0001331 Absent septum pellucidum 1
HP:0001513 Obesity 1
HP:0001561 Polyhydramnios 1
HP:0001629 Ventricular septal defect 1
HP:0001643 Patent ductus arteriosus 1
HP:0001662 Bradycardia 1
HP:0001680 Coarctation of aorta 1
HP:0001746 Asplenia 1
HP:0001748 Polysplenia 1
HP:0001750 Single ventricle 1
HP:0001762 Talipes equinovarus 1
HP:0001883 Talipes 1
HP:0001978 Extramedullary hematopoiesis 1
HP:0002020 Gastroesophageal reflux 1
HP:0002072 Chorea 1
HP:0002093 Respiratory insufficiency 1
HP:0002104 Apnea 1
HP:0002202 Pleural effusion 1
HP:0002219 Facial hypertrichosis 1
HP:0002335 Agenesis of cerebellar vermis 1
HP:0002375 Hypokinesia 1
HP:0002527 Falls 1
HP:0002539 Cortical dysplasia 1
HP:0002566 Intestinal malrotation 1
HP:0002617 Dilatation 1
HP:0002719 Recurrent infections 1
HP:0002797 Osteolysis 1
HP:0002878 Respiratory failure 1
HP:0002901 Hypocalcemia 1
HP:0003422 Vertebral segmentation defect 1
HP:0003470 Paralysis 1
HP:0004322 Short stature 1
HP:0006882 Severe hydrocephalus 1
HP:0007115 Orbital encephalocele 1
HP:0007209 Facial paralysis 1
HP:0009716 Subependymal nodules 1
HP:0009792 Teratoma 1
HP:0009800 Maternal diabetes 1
HP:0009829 Phocomelia 1
HP:0010444 Pulmonary insufficiency 1
HP:0010464 Streak ovary 1
HP:0010535 Sleep apnea 1
HP:0010557 Overlapping fingers 1
HP:0010566 Hamartoma 1
HP:0010821 Gelastic seizures 1
HP:0011436 Abnormal maternal serum screening 1
HP:0012592 Albuminuria 1
HP:0012741 Unilateral cryptorchidism 1
HP:0025382 Hypodipsia 1
HP:0030260 Microphallus 1
HP:0030728 Meromelia 1
HP:0030769 Exencephaly 1
HP:0030955 Alcoholism 1
HP:0031273 Shock 1
HP:0040075 Hypopituitarism 1
HP:0040197 Encephalomalacia 1
HP:0100021 Cerebral palsy 1
HP:0100258 Preaxial polydactyly 1
HP:0100601 Eclampsia 1


Causative gene(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 0

Gene Symbol Gene Name Entrez Gene ID