RIN2 syndrome

RIN2 syndrome, formerly known as macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa and scoliosis (MACS) syndrome, is a very rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by macrocephaly, sparse scalp hair, soft-redundant and hyperextensible skin, joint hypermobility, and scoliosis. Patients have progressive facial coarsening with downslanted palpebral fissures, upper eyelid fullness/infraorbital folds, thick/everted vermillion, gingival overgrowth and abnormal position of the teeth. Rarer manifestations such as abnormal high-pitched voice, bronchiectasis, hypergonadotropic hypergonadism and brachydactyly (see this term) have also been reported.



Input patient's signs and symptoms


Narrow down the case reports



Total: 3 (papers)

  


(per page)
Matched Phenotype  Gene  Mutation  MeSH
Rank
(Similarity)
PMID
(PMCID)
1
(39.0%)
28409271
Unique presentation of cutis laxa with Leigh-like syndrome due to ECHS1 deficiency.
Balasubramaniam S, Riley LG, Bratkovic D, Ketteridge D, Manton N, Cowley MJ, Gayevskiy V, Roscioli T, Mohamed M, Gardeitchik T, Morava E, Christodoulou J.
J Inherit Metab Dis. 2017;40(5):745-747.
Macrocephaly
ARHGEF2 ATP6V0A2 BRAF COG7 ECHS1 GORAB HRAS KRAS MAP2K1 MAP2K2 NRAS PTPN11 PYCR1 RAB6A RAF1 RIN2 SHOC2 SOS2 TALDO1 XYLT2 ZHX2
rs1554886473 rs777218310
Cutis Laxa Enoyl-CoA Hydratase Females Homo sapiens Infant Leigh Disease Proto-Oncogene Mas
1
(39.0%)
27277385
RIN2 syndrome: Expanding the clinical phenotype.
Rosato S, Syx D, Ivanovski I, Pollazzon M, Santodirocco D, De Marco L, Beltrami M, Callewaert B, Garavelli L, Malfait F.
Am J Med Genet A. 2016;170(9):2408-15.
Macrocephaly
RIN2
p|FS|I|627|H|7;RS#:759390822
Adult Alleles Biopsy Carrier Proteins Exons Facies Females Genetic Association Studies Genotype Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Homo sapiens Male Middle Aged Mutation Phenotype Syndrome Young Adult
1
(39.0%)
20424861
The RIN2 syndrome: a new autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder caused by deficiency of Ras and Rab interactor 2 (RIN2).
Syx D, Malfait F, Van Laer L, Hellemans J, Hermanns-Le T, Willaert A, Benmansour A, De Paepe A, Verloes A.
Hum Genet. 2010;128(1):79-88.
Macrocephaly
RAB5A RIN2
c|DEL|1914_1915|GC;RS#:587776915 rs587776915
Adult Base Sequence Carrier Proteins Child Connective Tissue Diseases Females Genes, Recessive Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Homo sapiens Homozygote Male Molecular Sequence Data Skin Aging Syndrome
        

Phenotype(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 28

HPO ID Term Frequency
HP:0000159 Abnormal lip morphology Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000212 Gingival overgrowth Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000218 High palate Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000280 Coarse facial features Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000343 Long philtrum Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000494 Downslanted palpebral fissures Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000974 Hyperextensible skin Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001007 Hirsutism Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001382 Joint hypermobility Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001582 Redundant skin Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001763 Pes planus Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0002209 Sparse scalp hair Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0002650 Scoliosis Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0011232 Infra-orbital fold Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0012724 Upper eyelid edema Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0040079 Irregular dentition Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000766 Abnormality of the sternum Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000978 Bruising susceptibility Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001537 Umbilical hernia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001620 High pitched voice Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0100543 Cognitive impairment Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000028 Cryptorchidism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000815 Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001156 Brachydactyly Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0001724 obsolete Aortic dilatation Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002659 Increased susceptibility to fractures Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0008209 Premature ovarian insufficiency Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0011003 High myopia Occasional (29-5%)


Phenotype(s) retrieved from case reports

    Total: 4

HPO ID Term # of case reports
HP:0000256 Macrocephaly 3
HP:0002650 Scoliosis 3
HP:0002751 Kyphoscoliosis 1
HP:0002948 Vertebral fusion 1


Causative gene(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 1

Gene Symbol Gene Name Entrez Gene ID
RIN2 Ras and Rab interactor 2 54453