Thalidomide embryopathy

Thalidomide embryopathy is a group of anomalies presented in infants as a result of <i>in utero</i> exposure (between 20-36 days after fertilization) to thalidomide, a sedative used in treatment of a range of conditions, including morning sickness, leprosy and multiple myeloma (see these terms). Thalidomine embryopathy is characterized by phocomelia, amelia, forelimb and hand plate anomalies (absence of humerus and/or forearm, femur and/or lower leg, thumb anomalies). Other anomalies include facial hemangiomas, and damages to ears (anotia, microtia), eyes (microphthalmia, anophthalmos, coloboma, strabismus), internal organs (kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract), genitalia, and heart. Infant mortality associated with thalidomide embryopathy is estimated to be as high as 40%. Thalidomide is contraindicated in pregnancy and pregnancy prevention is recommended in women under treatment.



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Narrow down the case reports



Total: 11 (papers)

  


(per page)
Matched Phenotype  Gene  Mutation  MeSH
Rank
(Similarity)
PMID
(PMCID)
1
(63.4%)
11746009
Limb/pelvis hypoplasia/aplasia with skull defect (Schinzel phocomelia): distinctive features and prenatal detection.
Olney RS, Hoyme HE, Roche F, Ferguson K, Hintz S, Madan A.
Am J Med Genet. 2001;103(4):295-301.
Telecanthus Phocomelia
Adult Ectromelia Face Females Genes, Recessive Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Male Pelvic Bones Syndrome Toes
2
(50.2%)
4951233
Thrombocytopenia with absent radius (TAR).
Hall JG, Levin J, Kuhn JP, Ottenheimer EJ, van Berkum KA, McKusick VA.
Medicine (Baltimore). 1969;48(6):411-39.
Thrombocytopenia Absent radius
Adult Cell Count Child Child, Preschool Congenital Heart Defects Differential Diagnosis Females Homo sapiens Infant Infant, Newborn Limb Deformities, Congenital Male Megakaryocytes Syndrome Thrombocytopenia
3
(49.1%)
19497840
[Thalidomide (Contergan) induced limb deficiency in Hungary?].
Gidai J, Bacs E, Czeizel E.
Orv Hetil. 2009;150(25):1179-81.
Fibular hypoplasia
Differential Diagnosis Females Femur Fibula Homo sapiens Hungary Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital Middle Aged Pregnancy Schizophrenia Teratogens Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital
4
(48.0%)
322750
Limb anomalies in chromosomal aberrations.
Pfeiffer RA, Santelmann R.
Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1977;13(1):319-37.
Syndactyly Radioulnar synostosis Phocomelia
Child Chromosome Aberrations Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y Chromosomes, Human, 4-5 Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X Fingers Homo sapiens Infant Limb Deformities, Congenital Mosaicism Ploidies Toes Trisomy
5
(38.6%)
28990356
Thalidomide Embryopathy as Possible Cause of Anterior Sacral Meningocele: A Case Report.
Croci DM, Dalolio M, Schaeren S, Wasner MG, Mariani L, Jost GF.
Birth Defects Res. 2017;109(17):1390-1392.
Anterior sacral meningocele Facial palsy
Fetal Diseases Homo sapiens Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Sacrococcygeal Region X-Ray Computed Tomography
6
(23.3%)
3810179
Progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion.
Smith JR, Martin IR, Shaw DG, Robinson RO.
Skeletal Radiol. 1986;15(8):599-604.
Spinal cord compression Kyphosis
Age Factors Child Child, Preschool Females Fetal Diseases Homo sapiens Male Pregnancy Scheuermann's Disease
6
(23.3%)
2361437
[Presacral meningocele in thalidomide-induced embryopathy].
Brocheler J, Halfmann R.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1990;115(25):977-9.
Abdominal pain Anterior sacral meningocele
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Adult Homo sapiens Laminectomy Male Myelography Repeat Surgery Sacrococcygeal Region X-Ray Computed Tomography
8
(4.0%)
23448904
Recognition of the phenotype of thalidomide embryopathy in countries endemic for leprosy: new cases and review of the main dysmorphological findings.
Vianna FS, Schuler-Faccini L, Leite JC, de Sousa SH, da Costa LM, Dias MF, Morelo EF, Doriqui MJ, Maximino CM, Sanseverino MT.
Clin Dysmorphol. 2013;22(2):59-63.
Erythema nodosum
Brazil Endemic Diseases Erythema Nodosum Females Fetal Diseases Homo sapiens Hypnotics and Sedatives Legislation, Drug Leprosy Male Polydactyly
8
(4.0%)
17676592
New cases of thalidomide embryopathy in Brazil.
Schuler-Faccini L, Soares RC, de Sousa AC, Maximino C, Luna E, Schwartz IV, Waldman C, Castilla EE.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2007;79(9):671-2.
Erythema nodosum
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Adult Brazil Females Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Limb Deformities, Congenital Male Pregnancy Registries Teratogens
8
(4.0%)
8157157
Autism in thalidomide embryopathy: a population study.
Stromland K, Nordin V, Miller M, Akerstrom B, Gillberg C.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1994;36(4):351-6.
Autism
Adult Autistic Disorder Deafness Females Homo sapiens Intellectual Disability Male Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
        

Phenotype(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 17

HPO ID Term Frequency
HP:0001171 Split hand Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001177 Preaxial hand polydactyly Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0001199 Triphalangeal thumb Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0002564 obsolete Malformation of the heart and great vessels Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0002991 Abnormality of fibula morphology Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0004059 Radial club hand Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0004322 Short stature Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0005613 Aplasia/hypoplasia of the femur Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0006495 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the ulna Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0006507 Aplasia/hypoplasia of the humerus Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0009601 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the thumb Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0009813 Upper limb phocomelia Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0000356 Abnormality of the outer ear Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000365 Hearing impairment Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0000855 Insulin resistance Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0002257 Chronic rhinitis Occasional (29-5%)
HP:0009892 Anotia Occasional (29-5%)


Phenotype(s) retrieved from case reports

    Total: 6

HPO ID Term # of case reports
HP:0009829 Phocomelia 2
HP:0000717 Autism 1
HP:0001903 Anemia 1
HP:0002027 Abdominal pain 1
HP:0007293 Anterior sacral meningocele 1
HP:0010628 Facial palsy 1


Causative gene(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 0

Gene Symbol Gene Name Entrez Gene ID