Babesiosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus <i>Babesia</i> and characterized by a febrile illness and hemolytic anemia but with manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic infection to a fulminating illness that can result in death.

Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- oder overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).