Sickle cell anemias are chronic hemolytic diseases that may induce three types of acute accidents: severe anemia, severe bacterial infections, and ischemic vasoocclusive accidents (VOA) caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells obstructing small blood vessels and capillaries. Many diverse complications can occur.

The presence of aneurysmal polypoidal lesions in the choroidal vasculature. The aneurysmal dilatations, also known as polyps, may be found at subfoveal, juxtafoveal, extrafoveal, peripapillary or even peripheral regions. These polypoidal dilatations may be visible as reddish-orange subretinal nodules during ophthalmoscopic examination. The polypoidal lesions are best detected on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and might be associated with a branching vascular network (BVN) of neovascularization.