Paralysis of voluntary muscles means loss of contraction due to interruption of one or more motor pathways from the brain to the muscle fibers. Although the word paralysis is often used interchangeably to mean either complete or partial loss of muscle strength, it is preferable to use paralysis or plegia for complete or severe loss of muscle strength, and paresis for partial or slight loss. Motor paralysis results from deficits of the upper motor neurons (corticospinal, corticobulbar, or subcorticospinal). Motor paralysis is often accompanied by an impairment in the facility of movement.

Total: 3

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PMID (PMCID)
7718959	MALE
	Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and Gerhardt syndrome associated with Shy-Drager syndrome.
	Sone H, Okuda Y, Bannai C, Suzuki S, Yamaoka T, Asakura Y, Kawakami Y, Odawara M, Matsushima T, Kawai K, et al.. Intern Med. 1994;33(12):773-8.
	This is the first report on a case of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) associated with Gerhardt syndrome (paralysis of bilateral vocal cords).
3356525	MIXED_SAMPLE	Middle Aged
	Bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal cords in the course of neurological diseases: report of 5 cases.
	Palesse N, Marelli A, Legge MP. Ital J Neurol Sci. 1988;9(1):59-62.
	We report 5 cases of bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal cords (Gerhardt syndrome) with attacks of nocturnal asphyxia in patients with Parkinson disease, Shy-Drager syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and tumor of the posterior cranial fossa.
448399	FEMALE
	Olivopontocerebellar atrophy with velopharyngolaryngeal paralysis: a contribution to the somatotopy of the nucleus ambiguus.
	Lapresle J, Annabi A. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1979;38(4):401-6.
	The velopharyngolaryngeal paralysis occured two years after the beginning of the cerebellar symtomatology and was limited for 6 months to a Gerhardt syndrome.

Laryngeal abductor paralysis

Paralysis