Leishmaniasis

A parasitic disease caused by different species of the genus <i>Leishmania</i>, transmitted through the bite of hematophagous female phlebotomine sand flies. The clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to clinically overt disease which can remain localized to the skin or disseminate to the upper oral and respiratory mucous membranes or throughout the reticulo-endothelial system. Three main clinical syndromes have been described: visceral (or Kala-Azar; with fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly), cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (cutaneous or mucocutaneous ulceration).

Leukopenia

An abnormal decreased number of leukocytes in the blood.

Total: 5

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PMID (PMCID)
23682278 (3655258)	OTHER
	Bone marrow negative visceral leishmaniasis in an adolescent male.
	Jetley S, Rana S, Khan S, Zeeba J, Hassan M, Kapoor P. Iran J Parasitol. 2013;8(1):182-5.
	In endemic areas, the constellation of fever, progressive weight loss, weakness, pronounced splenomegaly, anemia, leukopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia is highly suggestive of visceral leishmaniasis.
16308231	MALE	Adult
	Report of an atypical case of leishmaniasis presented as acute tonsillitis in an immunocompetent patient.
	Kouyialis S, Archontakis S, Bilinis C, Nikolaou S, Stavropoulou E, Samaras C, Sarafoglou C, Nicolaou I, Parasi A, Minadaki M. Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37(11-12):916-8.
	Visceral leishmaniasis typically presents with symptoms such as fever, enlargement of the spleen and the liver, hypergammaglobulinaemia and infection of the bone marrow resulting in anaemia and leukopenia.
12458816	FEMALE	Infant
	Visceral leishmaniasis and Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia: a rare association in an infant treated with liposomal amphotericin B.
	Dilber E, Erduran E, Isik Y. Turk J Pediatr. 2002;44(4):354-6.
	Visceral leishmaniasis is a worldwide, disseminated intracellular protozoal infection that usually manifests by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and hypergammaglobulinemia.
7566284	MALE	Adult
	Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with AIDS with antimony and gamma-interferon: remission and prevention of relapse by maintenance therapy with weekly pentamidine.
	Lustig V, Kager PA, Meenhorst PL. Neth J Med. 1995;47(2):66-9.
	A 41-year-old AIDS patient with fever, nightly perspiration, diarrhoea, anaemia and leukopenia was diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis (VL).
2193355	MALE	Adult
	Bacterial infection as a presenting manifestation of visceral leishmaniasis.
	Garces JM, Tomas S, Rubies-Prat J, Gimeno JL, Drobnic L. Rev Infect Dis. 1990;12(3):518-9.
	We conclude that in areas where leishmaniasis is endemic, early bone marrow aspirate should, in most instances, be performed in patients with bacterial infection associated with anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia if hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly is present.