Leishmaniasis

A parasitic disease caused by different species of the genus <i>Leishmania</i>, transmitted through the bite of hematophagous female phlebotomine sand flies. The clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to clinically overt disease which can remain localized to the skin or disseminate to the upper oral and respiratory mucous membranes or throughout the reticulo-endothelial system. Three main clinical syndromes have been described: visceral (or Kala-Azar; with fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly), cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (cutaneous or mucocutaneous ulceration).

Lymphopenia

A reduced number of lymphocytes in the blood.

Total: 1

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PMID (PMCID)
19552658	MALE	Adult
	Pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis for visceral leishmaniasis in the immunocompromised host: report of four cases.
	Patel TA, Lockwood DN. Trop Med Int Health. 2009;14(9):1064-70.
	We report a retrospective and descriptive study of four immunocompromised patients (three with HIV-1 and one with idiopathic CD4+-lymphopenia) with relapsing visceral leishmaniasis seen at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, in whom pentamidine was used as secondary prophylaxis to prevent relapse.