Sirenomelia

Sirenomelia is a rare, genetic, developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by fusion of the lower limbs and associated with some degree of lower extremity reduction and persistent vitelline artery. Patients also present severe malformations of the musculoskeletal system (e.g. sacral agenesis), as well as the urogenital and lower gastrointestinal tracts (e.g. renal agenesis, absent bladder, rectal/anal atresia, and absent internal genitalia). Most cases are stillborn, or die during, or shortly after, birth.



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Narrow down the case reports



Total: 93 (papers)

  


(per page)
Matched Phenotype  Gene  Mutation  MeSH
Rank
(Similarity)
PMID
(PMCID)
1
(45.9%)
9098492
Single aberrant umbilical artery in a fetus with severe caudal defects: sirenomelia or caudal dysgenesis.
Perez-Aytes A, Montero L, Gomez J, Paya A.
Am J Med Genet. 1997;69(4):409-12.
Single umbilical artery Absent foot
Ectromelia Fatal Outcome Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Male
2
(43.2%)
21892002
Prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia in the late second trimester with three-dimensional helical computed tomography.
Ono T, Katsura D, Tsuji S, Yomo H, Ishiko A, Inoue T, Kita N, Takahashi K, Murakami T.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2011;225(2):85-7.
Oligohydramnios Absence of the sacrum
Adult Ectromelia Fatal Outcome Females Fetus Homo sapiens Imaging, Three-Dimensional Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimester, Second Tomography, Spiral Computed
3
(38.6%)
8434614
Long term survival of an infant with sirenomelia.
Clarke LA, Stringer DA, Fraser GC, Yong SL.
Am J Med Genet. 1993;45(3):292-6.
Preauricular skin tag Rib fusion
Ectromelia Females Homo sapiens Infant Leg Pregnancy Ultrasonography, Prenatal Urogenital Abnormalities
4
(31.0%)
19239086
A prenatally diagnosed case of sirenomelia with polydactyly and vestigial tail.
Guven MA, Uzel M, Ceylaner S, Coskun A, Ceylaner G, Gungoren A.
Genet Couns. 2008;19(4):419-24.
Anal atresia Polydactyly
Adult Anus, Imperforate Diseases in Twins Ectromelia Females Homo sapiens Male Polydactyly Pregnancy Ultrasonography, Prenatal
5
(28.9%)
28693936
Sirenomelia associated with discoid adrenal and lumbar meningocoele: An autopsy report.
Islam N, Mandal B, Das RN, Bera G, Mukherjee S, Chatterjee U.
Pathol Res Pract. 2017;213(11):1450-1453.
Abnormality of the hand
Autopsy Congenital Abnormality Females Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Kidney Kidney Diseases Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ultrasonography, Prenatal Young Adult
6
(28.5%)
19099562
(2614953)
Caudal regression syndrome and popliteal webbing in connection with maternal diabetes mellitus: a case report and literature review.
Al Kaissi A, Klaushofer K, Grill F.
Cases J. 2008;1(1):407.
Diabetes mellitus Knee flexion contracture
7
(21.2%)
11497371
Therapy in unilateral sirenomelia: report of one case.
Tonnis D, Schildhauer C, Schildhauer M.
J Pediatr Orthop B. 2001;10(3):255-8.
Flexion contracture
Amputation Biomechanical Phenomena Crutches Ectromelia Follow-Up Studies Homo sapiens Infant Limb Prosthesis Male Urinary Diversion
7
(21.2%)
6896449
Sirenomelia. Angiographic demonstration of vascular anomalies.
Talamo TS, Macpherson TA, Dominquez R.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1982;106(7):347-8.
Multiple skeletal anomalies
Adult Ectromelia Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn
9
(17.5%)
2028749
Spinal cord abnormalities in caudal regression syndrome.
Towfighi J, Housman C.
Acta Neuropathol. 1991;81(4):458-66.
Lipoma
CD2 CD6
Ectromelia Females Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Lumbosacral Region Male Spinal Cord
10
(4.0%)
31065147
Sirenomelia: A Case Report.
Kattel P.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2018;56(214):974-976.
Single umbilical artery
Ectromelia Fatal Outcome Females Homo sapiens Infant, Newborn Oligohydramnios Pregnancy Ultrasonography, Prenatal
        

Phenotype(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 10

HPO ID Term Frequency
HP:0000062 Ambiguous genitalia Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0000079 Abnormality of the urinary system Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0002023 Anal atresia Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0008678 Renal hypoplasia/aplasia Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0010305 Absence of the sacrum Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0010497 Sirenomelia Very frequent (99-80%)
HP:0001626 Abnormality of the cardiovascular system Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0002414 Spina bifida Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0002575 Tracheoesophageal fistula Frequent (79-30%)
HP:0006501 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the radius Frequent (79-30%)


Phenotype(s) retrieved from case reports

    Total: 23

HPO ID Term # of case reports
HP:0001562 Oligohydramnios 16
HP:0001195 Single umbilical artery 15
HP:0002323 Anencephaly 6
HP:0000819 Diabetes mellitus 5
HP:0009800 Maternal diabetes 4
HP:0000042 Absent external genitalia 3
HP:0002023 Anal atresia 3
HP:0000062 Ambiguous genitalia 1
HP:0000077 Abnormality of the kidney 1
HP:0000126 Hydronephrosis 1
HP:0000238 Hydrocephalus 1
HP:0000789 Infertility 1
HP:0001155 Abnormality of the hand 1
HP:0001274 Agenesis of corpus callosum 1
HP:0001511 Intrauterine growth retardation 1
HP:0001788 Premature rupture of membranes 1
HP:0002089 Pulmonary hypoplasia 1
HP:0002414 Spina bifida 1
HP:0002575 Tracheoesophageal fistula 1
HP:0004383 Hypoplastic left heart 1
HP:0010442 Polydactyly 1
HP:0012621 Persistent cloaca 1
HP:0012732 Anorectal anomaly 1


Causative gene(s) retrieved from Orphanet

    Total: 0

Gene Symbol Gene Name Entrez Gene ID